Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that can have serious consequences for unborn babies if a pregnant person contracts it for the first time during pregnancy. In early years settings, where close contact with young children is unavoidable, awareness and proper hygiene practices are key to preventing CMV transmission.
This guide outlines why CMV awareness is essential for early years staff, the risks it poses, and practical steps to reduce transmission.
CMV spreads through bodily fluids such as saliva, urine, and mucus – commonly encountered in nurseries. Many children in early years settings may carry CMV without showing symptoms, making them a significant source of transmission.
By educating staff on proper hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding direct contact with bodily fluids, the risk of CMV transmission to others – including pregnant staff – can be significantly reduced.
Research suggests that the highest risk occurs when CMV is contracted in early pregnancy. Due to their frequent close interactions with young children, pregnant staff in early years settings face a heightened risk of exposure.
A CMV infection during pregnancy can lead to congenital CMV in the baby, potentially causing serious health complications, including:
Hearing loss
Developmental delays
Vision impairment
Miscarriage or stillbirth
Raising awareness allows pregnant staff to take extra precautions, such as avoiding direct contact with children’s saliva and nappies, helping to protect both mother and baby.
Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing congenital CMV-related conditions. Staff trained to recognise potential signs of congenital CMV, such as developmental concerns or hearing issues, can play a crucial role in ensuring timely referrals to support services.
A culture of infection control benefits everyone – children, staff, and families. Awareness encourages best practices in hygiene, reducing not only CMV transmission but also other infections commonly spread in nurseries.
While many individuals with CMV remain symptom-free, some may experience:
False
Any child in an early years setting may carry CMV, and a high proportion will have it before starting school. A child diagnosed at birth is not necessarily the primary risk.
False
CMV, like other herpes viruses, can remain dormant and reactivate. There are also different strains, so reinfection is possible.
False
Many children and adults with CMV do not show symptoms but can still pass on the virus.
False
The impact on the baby depends on factors like the timing of infection during pregnancy and whether the virus is transmitted to the foetus.
Raising awareness of CMV among early years staff is crucial for preventing transmission, protecting pregnant employees, and creating a safer environment for everyone. By promoting good hygiene practices and fostering a strong culture of infection control, early years settings can significantly reduce the risk of CMV and support overall health and well-being.
You can find more information about CMV here.
If you have any questions or would like to discuss how to make your workplace CMV-safe, please contact us at info@cmvaction.org.uk.
